Estimation of Optimum Water Requirement and Frequency of Watering for Different Tree Seedlings at Bako Agricultural Research Center Nursery Site

Mekonnen Habtemariam Daba; Adisu Eba Tadese

doi:doi:10.11648/j.jher.20170306.11

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Estimation of Optimum Water Requirement and Frequency of Watering for Different Tree Seedlings at Bako Agricultural Research Center Nursery Site

Mekonnen Habtemariam Daba, Adisu Eba Tadese

Published in Journal of Health and Environmental Research (Volume 3, Issue 6)

Received: 27 November 2017 Accepted: 20 December 2017 Published: 11 January 2018

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Abstract

Determining water requirement and application frequency of tree seedlings is crucial to use available water effectively. This study estimated the Optimum water requirement and application frequency of tree seedlings: Grevillea robusta, Moringa olifera and Cordia africana at nursery site for the two consecutive years. The experiment was implemented during off-season; because of the objective of the study was to determine amount of water and frequency required for normal growth tree seedlings at nursery stage. Three different water application (1, 1.5, and 2 liters) and two irrigation frequencies (watering twice daily and watering twice after one day) and the control (Local practices) were combined with tree species. Seeds were sown directly into polythene bags in the traditional nursery site. Different growth parameters were collected and evaluated to estimate the optimum water requirement and watering frequency of different tree seedlings at nursery site. Growth parameters: root collar diameter (cm), height (cm), root depth (cm) and survival rate (%) were assessed during the nursery stage. The growth parameters measured were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The means were separated by Least Significant Difference (LSD; P ≤ 0.05). The result reveals that significant difference (P≤0.05) was observed among the three tree species growth parameters; root collar diameter, height and survival rate under different watering applications and irrigation frequencies. The average potential evapotranspiration of study area over the two consecutive years were 47 mm/month. The result indicated that, the growth performance of Moringa olifera and Grevillea robusta were better when watered twice daily with 1.5 liters of per a given plot. The growth performance of Cordia africana was good performed when watered twice after one day with 2 liters of water per a given plot. Also the result showed that Moringa olifera watered twice daily with 1.5 liters had the highest height of 50.74 cm followed by Moringa olifera watered twice after one day with 2 liters had height of 45.35 cm and while Grevillea robusta watered twice after one day with 1 liters had the least height 10.73 cm. The study therefore recommends that Moringa olifera and Grevillea robusta seedlings watered twice daily with 1.5 liters and Cordia Africana seedlings watered twice after one day with 2 liters per plot of water availability should be adopted in the area where warm humid climate and high potential evapotranspiration, since it ensures good growth performance of those tree seedlings species.

Published in	Journal of Health and Environmental Research (Volume 3, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.jher.20170306.11
Page(s)	90-97
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Water Requirement, Watering Frequency, Tree Seedling, Growth Parameters, Nursery Site

References

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[2]	Farah, S. M. (1996). Water relations and water requirements of wheat. Gezira Research Station Report. P. O. Box 126, Wad Medani, Sudan. P p. 24-36.
[3]	Awodol, A. M and Nwoboshi, L. C., (1993). Effect of source of Potassium and frequency of moisture application on growth and macronutrient distribution in seedlings of Parkia biglobosa. Nigerian Journal of Forestry 23 (2).
[4]	Goyne PJ, McIntyre GT (2003). Stretching water-Queensland’s water use efficiency cotton and grains adoption program. Water SA, 48 (7): 191-196.
[5]	Morrison J, Morikawa M, Murphy M, Schulte P (2009). Water scarcity & climate change: Growing risks for businesses and investors. A Ceres Report, Ceres, Boston.
[6]	Bargali K, Tewari A (2004). Growth and water relation parameters in drought-stressed Coriaria nepalensis seedlings. J. Arid Environ. 58: 505-512.
[7]	Zahid MD, Nawaz A (2009). Comparative water use efficiency of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Dalbergia sisso. International J. Agric. Biol. 4, 540-544.
[8]	Luvaha, E; Netondo, G. W. and Ouma, G. 2012. Effect of Water Deficit on the Growth of Mango (Mangifera indica) Rootstock Seedlings. Department of Botany and Horticulture Kisumu, Maseno University, Kenya. pp 2-4pp.
[9]	Oyun, M. B; Adeduntan, S. A. and Suberu, S. A. 2010. Influence of watering regime and mycorrhizae inoculations on the physiology and early growth of Acacia senegal (L.) Wild. African Journal of Plant Science Vol. 4 (7): 210-216pp.
[10]	Mhango J, Akinnifesi FK, Mng’omba SA, Sileshi G (2008). Effect of growing medium on early growth and survival of Uapaca kirkiana Müell Arg. seedlings in Malawi. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 7 (13): 2197-2202.
[11]	Doorenbos, Pruitt W, Aboukhaled A., Damagnez J., Dastane N. G., Berg C., Rijtema P. E.., Ashford O. M., Frere M., (1992). Crop Water Requirements. FAO Irrigation and Drainage paper 24.
[12]	Sale, F. A., (2015) Evaluation of watering regimes and different pot sizes in the growth of Parkia biglobosa (jacq) benth seedlings under nursery condition. Euro. Scien. Journal 11 (12).
[13]	Isah, A. D., Bello, A. G., Maishanu, H. M and Abdullahi, S. (2013): Effect of Watering Regime on the Early Growth of Acacia Senegal (LINN) Willd. Provenances. International Journal of Plant, Animal and Environmental Sciences. Vol 3: 2 -9. Teresa A., Mike K., Kelly L., Michael J., (2002). Efficient Irrigation of Trees and Shrubs. Utah State University. (EP/06-02/DF).

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Mekonnen Habtemariam Daba, Adisu Eba Tadese. (2018). Estimation of Optimum Water Requirement and Frequency of Watering for Different Tree Seedlings at Bako Agricultural Research Center Nursery Site. Journal of Health and Environmental Research, 3(6), 90-97. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20170306.11

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ACS Style

Mekonnen Habtemariam Daba; Adisu Eba Tadese. Estimation of Optimum Water Requirement and Frequency of Watering for Different Tree Seedlings at Bako Agricultural Research Center Nursery Site. J. Health Environ. Res. 2018, 3(6), 90-97. doi: 10.11648/j.jher.20170306.11

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Mekonnen Habtemariam Daba, Adisu Eba Tadese. Estimation of Optimum Water Requirement and Frequency of Watering for Different Tree Seedlings at Bako Agricultural Research Center Nursery Site. J Health Environ Res. 2018;3(6):90-97. doi: 10.11648/j.jher.20170306.11

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@article{10.11648/j.jher.20170306.11,
  author = {Mekonnen Habtemariam Daba and Adisu Eba Tadese},
  title = {Estimation of Optimum Water Requirement and Frequency of Watering for Different Tree Seedlings at Bako Agricultural Research Center Nursery Site},
  journal = {Journal of Health and Environmental Research},
  volume = {3},
  number = {6},
  pages = {90-97},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jher.20170306.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20170306.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jher.20170306.11},
  abstract = {Determining water requirement and application frequency of tree seedlings is crucial to use available water effectively. This study estimated the Optimum water requirement and application frequency of tree seedlings: Grevillea robusta, Moringa olifera and Cordia africana at nursery site for the two consecutive years. The experiment was implemented during off-season; because of the objective of the study was to determine amount of water and frequency required for normal growth tree seedlings at nursery stage. Three different water application (1, 1.5, and 2 liters) and two irrigation frequencies (watering twice daily and watering twice after one day) and the control (Local practices) were combined with tree species. Seeds were sown directly into polythene bags in the traditional nursery site. Different growth parameters were collected and evaluated to estimate the optimum water requirement and watering frequency of different tree seedlings at nursery site. Growth parameters: root collar diameter (cm), height (cm), root depth (cm) and survival rate (%) were assessed during the nursery stage. The growth parameters measured were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The means were separated by Least Significant Difference (LSD; P ≤ 0.05). The result reveals that significant difference (P≤0.05) was observed among the three tree species growth parameters; root collar diameter, height and survival rate under different watering applications and irrigation frequencies. The average potential evapotranspiration of study area over the two consecutive years were 47 mm/month. The result indicated that, the growth performance of Moringa olifera and Grevillea robusta were better when watered twice daily with 1.5 liters of per a given plot. The growth performance of Cordia africana was good performed when watered twice after one day with 2 liters of water per a given plot. Also the result showed that Moringa olifera watered twice daily with 1.5 liters had the highest height of 50.74 cm followed by Moringa olifera watered twice after one day with 2 liters had height of 45.35 cm and while Grevillea robusta watered twice after one day with 1 liters had the least height 10.73 cm. The study therefore recommends that Moringa olifera and Grevillea robusta seedlings watered twice daily with 1.5 liters and Cordia Africana seedlings watered twice after one day with 2 liters per plot of water availability should be adopted in the area where warm humid climate and high potential evapotranspiration, since it ensures good growth performance of those tree seedlings species.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Estimation of Optimum Water Requirement and Frequency of Watering for Different Tree Seedlings at Bako Agricultural Research Center Nursery Site
AU  - Mekonnen Habtemariam Daba
AU  - Adisu Eba Tadese
Y1  - 2018/01/11
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20170306.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.jher.20170306.11
T2  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
JF  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
JO  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
SP  - 90
EP  - 97
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2472-3592
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20170306.11
AB  - Determining water requirement and application frequency of tree seedlings is crucial to use available water effectively. This study estimated the Optimum water requirement and application frequency of tree seedlings: Grevillea robusta, Moringa olifera and Cordia africana at nursery site for the two consecutive years. The experiment was implemented during off-season; because of the objective of the study was to determine amount of water and frequency required for normal growth tree seedlings at nursery stage. Three different water application (1, 1.5, and 2 liters) and two irrigation frequencies (watering twice daily and watering twice after one day) and the control (Local practices) were combined with tree species. Seeds were sown directly into polythene bags in the traditional nursery site. Different growth parameters were collected and evaluated to estimate the optimum water requirement and watering frequency of different tree seedlings at nursery site. Growth parameters: root collar diameter (cm), height (cm), root depth (cm) and survival rate (%) were assessed during the nursery stage. The growth parameters measured were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The means were separated by Least Significant Difference (LSD; P ≤ 0.05). The result reveals that significant difference (P≤0.05) was observed among the three tree species growth parameters; root collar diameter, height and survival rate under different watering applications and irrigation frequencies. The average potential evapotranspiration of study area over the two consecutive years were 47 mm/month. The result indicated that, the growth performance of Moringa olifera and Grevillea robusta were better when watered twice daily with 1.5 liters of per a given plot. The growth performance of Cordia africana was good performed when watered twice after one day with 2 liters of water per a given plot. Also the result showed that Moringa olifera watered twice daily with 1.5 liters had the highest height of 50.74 cm followed by Moringa olifera watered twice after one day with 2 liters had height of 45.35 cm and while Grevillea robusta watered twice after one day with 1 liters had the least height 10.73 cm. The study therefore recommends that Moringa olifera and Grevillea robusta seedlings watered twice daily with 1.5 liters and Cordia Africana seedlings watered twice after one day with 2 liters per plot of water availability should be adopted in the area where warm humid climate and high potential evapotranspiration, since it ensures good growth performance of those tree seedlings species.
VL  - 3
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Mekonnen Habtemariam Daba

Natural Resource Director, Bako Agricultural Research Center, Bako, Ethiopia
Adisu Eba Tadese

Natural Resource Director, Bako Agricultural Research Center, Bako, Ethiopia

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APA Style

Mekonnen Habtemariam Daba, Adisu Eba Tadese. (2018). Estimation of Optimum Water Requirement and Frequency of Watering for Different Tree Seedlings at Bako Agricultural Research Center Nursery Site. Journal of Health and Environmental Research, 3(6), 90-97. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20170306.11

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ACS Style

Mekonnen Habtemariam Daba; Adisu Eba Tadese. Estimation of Optimum Water Requirement and Frequency of Watering for Different Tree Seedlings at Bako Agricultural Research Center Nursery Site. J. Health Environ. Res. 2018, 3(6), 90-97. doi: 10.11648/j.jher.20170306.11

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AMA Style

Mekonnen Habtemariam Daba, Adisu Eba Tadese. Estimation of Optimum Water Requirement and Frequency of Watering for Different Tree Seedlings at Bako Agricultural Research Center Nursery Site. J Health Environ Res. 2018;3(6):90-97. doi: 10.11648/j.jher.20170306.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.jher.20170306.11,
  author = {Mekonnen Habtemariam Daba and Adisu Eba Tadese},
  title = {Estimation of Optimum Water Requirement and Frequency of Watering for Different Tree Seedlings at Bako Agricultural Research Center Nursery Site},
  journal = {Journal of Health and Environmental Research},
  volume = {3},
  number = {6},
  pages = {90-97},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jher.20170306.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20170306.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jher.20170306.11},
  abstract = {Determining water requirement and application frequency of tree seedlings is crucial to use available water effectively. This study estimated the Optimum water requirement and application frequency of tree seedlings: Grevillea robusta, Moringa olifera and Cordia africana at nursery site for the two consecutive years. The experiment was implemented during off-season; because of the objective of the study was to determine amount of water and frequency required for normal growth tree seedlings at nursery stage. Three different water application (1, 1.5, and 2 liters) and two irrigation frequencies (watering twice daily and watering twice after one day) and the control (Local practices) were combined with tree species. Seeds were sown directly into polythene bags in the traditional nursery site. Different growth parameters were collected and evaluated to estimate the optimum water requirement and watering frequency of different tree seedlings at nursery site. Growth parameters: root collar diameter (cm), height (cm), root depth (cm) and survival rate (%) were assessed during the nursery stage. The growth parameters measured were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The means were separated by Least Significant Difference (LSD; P ≤ 0.05). The result reveals that significant difference (P≤0.05) was observed among the three tree species growth parameters; root collar diameter, height and survival rate under different watering applications and irrigation frequencies. The average potential evapotranspiration of study area over the two consecutive years were 47 mm/month. The result indicated that, the growth performance of Moringa olifera and Grevillea robusta were better when watered twice daily with 1.5 liters of per a given plot. The growth performance of Cordia africana was good performed when watered twice after one day with 2 liters of water per a given plot. Also the result showed that Moringa olifera watered twice daily with 1.5 liters had the highest height of 50.74 cm followed by Moringa olifera watered twice after one day with 2 liters had height of 45.35 cm and while Grevillea robusta watered twice after one day with 1 liters had the least height 10.73 cm. The study therefore recommends that Moringa olifera and Grevillea robusta seedlings watered twice daily with 1.5 liters and Cordia Africana seedlings watered twice after one day with 2 liters per plot of water availability should be adopted in the area where warm humid climate and high potential evapotranspiration, since it ensures good growth performance of those tree seedlings species.},
 year = {2018}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Estimation of Optimum Water Requirement and Frequency of Watering for Different Tree Seedlings at Bako Agricultural Research Center Nursery Site
AU  - Mekonnen Habtemariam Daba
AU  - Adisu Eba Tadese
Y1  - 2018/01/11
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20170306.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.jher.20170306.11
T2  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
JF  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
JO  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
SP  - 90
EP  - 97
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2472-3592
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20170306.11
AB  - Determining water requirement and application frequency of tree seedlings is crucial to use available water effectively. This study estimated the Optimum water requirement and application frequency of tree seedlings: Grevillea robusta, Moringa olifera and Cordia africana at nursery site for the two consecutive years. The experiment was implemented during off-season; because of the objective of the study was to determine amount of water and frequency required for normal growth tree seedlings at nursery stage. Three different water application (1, 1.5, and 2 liters) and two irrigation frequencies (watering twice daily and watering twice after one day) and the control (Local practices) were combined with tree species. Seeds were sown directly into polythene bags in the traditional nursery site. Different growth parameters were collected and evaluated to estimate the optimum water requirement and watering frequency of different tree seedlings at nursery site. Growth parameters: root collar diameter (cm), height (cm), root depth (cm) and survival rate (%) were assessed during the nursery stage. The growth parameters measured were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The means were separated by Least Significant Difference (LSD; P ≤ 0.05). The result reveals that significant difference (P≤0.05) was observed among the three tree species growth parameters; root collar diameter, height and survival rate under different watering applications and irrigation frequencies. The average potential evapotranspiration of study area over the two consecutive years were 47 mm/month. The result indicated that, the growth performance of Moringa olifera and Grevillea robusta were better when watered twice daily with 1.5 liters of per a given plot. The growth performance of Cordia africana was good performed when watered twice after one day with 2 liters of water per a given plot. Also the result showed that Moringa olifera watered twice daily with 1.5 liters had the highest height of 50.74 cm followed by Moringa olifera watered twice after one day with 2 liters had height of 45.35 cm and while Grevillea robusta watered twice after one day with 1 liters had the least height 10.73 cm. The study therefore recommends that Moringa olifera and Grevillea robusta seedlings watered twice daily with 1.5 liters and Cordia Africana seedlings watered twice after one day with 2 liters per plot of water availability should be adopted in the area where warm humid climate and high potential evapotranspiration, since it ensures good growth performance of those tree seedlings species.
VL  - 3
IS  - 6
ER  -

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