Characterization of Oil and Biodiesel Produced from Thevetia peruviana (Yellow Oleander) Seeds

Ana Godson R. E. E.; Udofia Bassey G.

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijrse.20150404.14

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Characterization of Oil and Biodiesel Produced from Thevetia peruviana (Yellow Oleander) Seeds

Ana Godson R. E. E., Udofia Bassey G.

Published in International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy (Volume 4, Issue 4)

Received: 28 May 2015 Accepted: 10 June 2015 Published: 4 July 2015

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Abstract

Background: There is increasing emphasis on renewable energy following recurrent economic crises and environmental concerns associated with the use of fossil fuels such as petrodiesel. Research into biodiesel production from oil-bearing renewable biomass sources can provide a more sustainable alternative to petrodiesel. This study evaluated the biodiesel yielding potential of Thevetia peruviana seeds. Methods: Oil was extracted from the seeds using Soxhlet and Cold-solvent extraction methods. Hexane-only (H-only) was used in the Soxhlet while Hexane/Ether (H/E) mixture and H-only were respectively used in the Cold extraction. The oil was processed using Methanol/Ethanol (M/E) mixture and Methanol-only (M-only) respectively to biodiesel via transesterification with sodium hydroxide as catalyst. The oil and biodiesel physicochemical parameters such as density, viscosity at 40oC, Saponification value, Flash Point (FP) and Acid Value (AV) were determined using the American Standard for Testing and Material (ASTM D6751) methods. Results: The oil yields from Soxhlet, H/E and H-only extractions were: 62.3%, 51.9% and 45.8% respectively. The biodiesel yield in the M/E and M-only transesterifications were: 78.4% and 85.20% respectively. The density at 40oC, viscosity, and saponification value of the oil were: 0.868g/cm3, 21.50mm2/s and 120mgKOH/g respectively. The density at 40oC, viscosity, FP and AV of the biodiesel were: 0.760g/cm3, 4.70mm2/s, 130oC and 0.441mgKOH/g respectively. Conclusion: The seeds of Thevetia peruviana are viable sources for biodiesel production, and quality parameters of the biodiesel met the American Standard for Testing and Materials limits. However, further work to explore the optimization of the process and sustainability of the model is recommended.

Published in	International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy (Volume 4, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijrse.20150404.14
Page(s)	150-158
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Biodiesel Production, Thevetia peruviana, Transesterification

References

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Ana Godson R. E. E., Udofia Bassey G. (2015). Characterization of Oil and Biodiesel Produced from Thevetia peruviana (Yellow Oleander) Seeds. International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy, 4(4), 150-158. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20150404.14

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ACS Style

Ana Godson R. E. E.; Udofia Bassey G. Characterization of Oil and Biodiesel Produced from Thevetia peruviana (Yellow Oleander) Seeds. Int. J. Sustain. Green Energy 2015, 4(4), 150-158. doi: 10.11648/j.ijrse.20150404.14

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AMA Style

Ana Godson R. E. E., Udofia Bassey G. Characterization of Oil and Biodiesel Produced from Thevetia peruviana (Yellow Oleander) Seeds. Int J Sustain Green Energy. 2015;4(4):150-158. doi: 10.11648/j.ijrse.20150404.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ijrse.20150404.14,
  author = {Ana Godson R. E. E. and Udofia Bassey G.},
  title = {Characterization of Oil and Biodiesel Produced from Thevetia peruviana (Yellow Oleander) Seeds},
  journal = {International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy},
  volume = {4},
  number = {4},
  pages = {150-158},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijrse.20150404.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20150404.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijrse.20150404.14},
  abstract = {Background: There is increasing emphasis on renewable energy following recurrent economic crises and environmental concerns associated with the use of fossil fuels such as petrodiesel. Research into biodiesel production from oil-bearing renewable biomass sources can provide a more sustainable alternative to petrodiesel. This study evaluated the biodiesel yielding potential of Thevetia peruviana seeds. Methods: Oil was extracted from the seeds using Soxhlet and Cold-solvent extraction methods. Hexane-only (H-only) was used in the Soxhlet while Hexane/Ether (H/E) mixture and H-only were respectively used in the Cold extraction. The oil was processed using Methanol/Ethanol (M/E) mixture and Methanol-only (M-only) respectively to biodiesel via transesterification with sodium hydroxide as catalyst. The oil and biodiesel physicochemical parameters such as density, viscosity at 40oC, Saponification value, Flash Point (FP) and Acid Value (AV) were determined using the American Standard for Testing and Material (ASTM D6751) methods. Results: The oil yields from Soxhlet, H/E and H-only extractions were: 62.3%, 51.9% and 45.8% respectively. The biodiesel yield in the M/E and M-only transesterifications were: 78.4% and 85.20% respectively. The density at 40oC, viscosity, and saponification value of the oil were: 0.868g/cm3, 21.50mm2/s and 120mgKOH/g respectively. The density at 40oC, viscosity, FP and AV of the biodiesel were: 0.760g/cm3, 4.70mm2/s, 130oC and 0.441mgKOH/g respectively. Conclusion: The seeds of Thevetia peruviana are viable sources for biodiesel production, and quality parameters of the biodiesel met the American Standard for Testing and Materials limits. However, further work to explore the optimization of the process and sustainability of the model is recommended.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Characterization of Oil and Biodiesel Produced from Thevetia peruviana (Yellow Oleander) Seeds
AU - Ana Godson R. E. E.
AU - Udofia Bassey G.
Y1 - 2015/07/04
PY - 2015
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20150404.14
DO - 10.11648/j.ijrse.20150404.14
T2 - International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy
JF - International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy
JO - International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy
SP - 150
EP - 158
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2575-1549
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20150404.14
AB - Background: There is increasing emphasis on renewable energy following recurrent economic crises and environmental concerns associated with the use of fossil fuels such as petrodiesel. Research into biodiesel production from oil-bearing renewable biomass sources can provide a more sustainable alternative to petrodiesel. This study evaluated the biodiesel yielding potential of Thevetia peruviana seeds. Methods: Oil was extracted from the seeds using Soxhlet and Cold-solvent extraction methods. Hexane-only (H-only) was used in the Soxhlet while Hexane/Ether (H/E) mixture and H-only were respectively used in the Cold extraction. The oil was processed using Methanol/Ethanol (M/E) mixture and Methanol-only (M-only) respectively to biodiesel via transesterification with sodium hydroxide as catalyst. The oil and biodiesel physicochemical parameters such as density, viscosity at 40oC, Saponification value, Flash Point (FP) and Acid Value (AV) were determined using the American Standard for Testing and Material (ASTM D6751) methods. Results: The oil yields from Soxhlet, H/E and H-only extractions were: 62.3%, 51.9% and 45.8% respectively. The biodiesel yield in the M/E and M-only transesterifications were: 78.4% and 85.20% respectively. The density at 40oC, viscosity, and saponification value of the oil were: 0.868g/cm3, 21.50mm2/s and 120mgKOH/g respectively. The density at 40oC, viscosity, FP and AV of the biodiesel were: 0.760g/cm3, 4.70mm2/s, 130oC and 0.441mgKOH/g respectively. Conclusion: The seeds of Thevetia peruviana are viable sources for biodiesel production, and quality parameters of the biodiesel met the American Standard for Testing and Materials limits. However, further work to explore the optimization of the process and sustainability of the model is recommended.
VL - 4
IS - 4
ER -

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Author Information

Ana Godson R. E. E.

Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan
Udofia Bassey G.

Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan

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Ana Godson R. E. E., Udofia Bassey G. (2015). Characterization of Oil and Biodiesel Produced from Thevetia peruviana (Yellow Oleander) Seeds. International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy, 4(4), 150-158. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20150404.14

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ACS Style

Ana Godson R. E. E.; Udofia Bassey G. Characterization of Oil and Biodiesel Produced from Thevetia peruviana (Yellow Oleander) Seeds. Int. J. Sustain. Green Energy 2015, 4(4), 150-158. doi: 10.11648/j.ijrse.20150404.14

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AMA Style

Ana Godson R. E. E., Udofia Bassey G. Characterization of Oil and Biodiesel Produced from Thevetia peruviana (Yellow Oleander) Seeds. Int J Sustain Green Energy. 2015;4(4):150-158. doi: 10.11648/j.ijrse.20150404.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ijrse.20150404.14,
  author = {Ana Godson R. E. E. and Udofia Bassey G.},
  title = {Characterization of Oil and Biodiesel Produced from Thevetia peruviana (Yellow Oleander) Seeds},
  journal = {International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy},
  volume = {4},
  number = {4},
  pages = {150-158},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijrse.20150404.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20150404.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijrse.20150404.14},
  abstract = {Background: There is increasing emphasis on renewable energy following recurrent economic crises and environmental concerns associated with the use of fossil fuels such as petrodiesel. Research into biodiesel production from oil-bearing renewable biomass sources can provide a more sustainable alternative to petrodiesel. This study evaluated the biodiesel yielding potential of Thevetia peruviana seeds. Methods: Oil was extracted from the seeds using Soxhlet and Cold-solvent extraction methods. Hexane-only (H-only) was used in the Soxhlet while Hexane/Ether (H/E) mixture and H-only were respectively used in the Cold extraction. The oil was processed using Methanol/Ethanol (M/E) mixture and Methanol-only (M-only) respectively to biodiesel via transesterification with sodium hydroxide as catalyst. The oil and biodiesel physicochemical parameters such as density, viscosity at 40oC, Saponification value, Flash Point (FP) and Acid Value (AV) were determined using the American Standard for Testing and Material (ASTM D6751) methods. Results: The oil yields from Soxhlet, H/E and H-only extractions were: 62.3%, 51.9% and 45.8% respectively. The biodiesel yield in the M/E and M-only transesterifications were: 78.4% and 85.20% respectively. The density at 40oC, viscosity, and saponification value of the oil were: 0.868g/cm3, 21.50mm2/s and 120mgKOH/g respectively. The density at 40oC, viscosity, FP and AV of the biodiesel were: 0.760g/cm3, 4.70mm2/s, 130oC and 0.441mgKOH/g respectively. Conclusion: The seeds of Thevetia peruviana are viable sources for biodiesel production, and quality parameters of the biodiesel met the American Standard for Testing and Materials limits. However, further work to explore the optimization of the process and sustainability of the model is recommended.},
 year = {2015}
}

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