Assessment of Nutritional Status Among Primary School Pupils in South Western Nigeria

Samson Ayo Deji; Oluremi Olayinka Solomon; Adebowale Femi Akinwumi; Paul Oladapo Ajayi; Olusola Olugbenga Odu

doi:doi:10.11648/j.cajph.20210703.11

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Assessment of Nutritional Status Among Primary School Pupils in South Western Nigeria

Samson Ayo Deji, Oluremi Olayinka Solomon, Adebowale Femi Akinwumi, Paul Oladapo Ajayi, Olusola Olugbenga Odu

Published in Central African Journal of Public Health (Volume 7, Issue 3)

Received: 13 April 2021 Accepted: 29 April 2021 Published: 8 May 2021

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Abstract

Malnutrition remains a major problem affecting millions of children in Africa. The objective of this study was to assess the nutritional status among primary school pupils in Olorunda Local government of Osogbo metropolis in South Western Nigeria. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to respondents in11schools randomly selected. A cross sectional study design was used and multi-stage sampling technique was utilized in selecting participants for the study. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. A total of 487 pupils were interviewed and their age range was 5–16years with a mean age of 8 years. More females (53.6%) than males (46.4%) were interviewed. Most fathers were skilled workers and while most mothers were in the unskilled labor force. Above half (50.2%) of the study population were found to have poor nutritional history based on the 24 hour dietary recall. Also using WHO standard measurements of z score with a standard deviation of <-2, which is an indication of moderate undernourished children, 65.7% were stunted with low height for age, and 74.5% were underweight with low weight for age. More pupils were stunted in the higher classes compared to pupils in the lower classes. The study concluded that despite the various intervention programmes of non-Governmental and Governmental organizations, significant percentage of Nigerian primary school children still have poor nutritional status.

Published in	Central African Journal of Public Health (Volume 7, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.cajph.20210703.11
Page(s)	88-93
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Malnutrition, Assessment, Pupils, School, Primary

References

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[3]	Moseley, W. G. & Battersby, J. 2020. The Vulnerability and Resilience of African Food Systems, Food Security and Nutrition in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic. African Studies Review, 63 (3).
[4]	World Health Organization. WHO growth standards for children 5–19years. 2007. Linkhttp://www.who.int/childgrowth/standards/en/.
[5]	Daniel Goon, Abel Toriola, Brandon Shaw et al. Anthropometrically determined nutritional status of urban primary school children in Makurdi, Nigeria. BMC Public Health 2011: 11: 769.
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[7]	Kyle Casadei; John Kiel. Anthropometric Measurement. 2020. University of Florida College of Medicine-Jacksonville.
[8]	Kassie, G. W., Workie, D. L. Determinants of under-nutrition among children underfive years of ageing Ethiopia. BMC Public Health 20, 399 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-08539-2.
[9]	Al-Ameri RJK, Abdalhamid WG (2018) Nutritional Assessment of Schools’ Children of Six Years Oldin Al-Dora Family Medical Center in Baghdad/Iraq. Fam Med Med Sci Res 7: (223) 4, 5. doi: 10.4172/2327-4972.1000223.
[10]	Olaf M, Michael K (2005) Malnutrition and health in developing countries; Canadian medical Association Journal A173. Link: https://bit.ly/3ia2ZlB.
[11]	IloriIniabasi Udoh, Ikobah Joanah Moses. A Comparison of Three Age-based Formulae of Estimating Weight in Nigerian Children. American Journal of Medical Sciences and Medicine. 2015; 3 (2): 24-27. doi: 10.12691/ajmsm-3-2-4.
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[16]	Mark Smulder, Mohamed AW-Dabir, Kate Dunn, Rene Verduijn. Food security and nutrition in the southern and eastern RIM of theme diterraneanbasin. 2013.
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[18]	Galgamuwa, L. S., Iddawela, D., Dharmaratne, S. D. et al. Nutritional status and correlated socio-economic factors among preschool and school children in plantation communities, Sri Lanka. BMC Public Health 17, 377 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4311.
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APA Style

Samson Ayo Deji, Oluremi Olayinka Solomon, Adebowale Femi Akinwumi, Paul Oladapo Ajayi, Olusola Olugbenga Odu. (2021). Assessment of Nutritional Status Among Primary School Pupils in South Western Nigeria. Central African Journal of Public Health, 7(3), 88-93. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20210703.11

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ACS Style

Samson Ayo Deji; Oluremi Olayinka Solomon; Adebowale Femi Akinwumi; Paul Oladapo Ajayi; Olusola Olugbenga Odu. Assessment of Nutritional Status Among Primary School Pupils in South Western Nigeria. Cent. Afr. J. Public Health 2021, 7(3), 88-93. doi: 10.11648/j.cajph.20210703.11

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AMA Style

Samson Ayo Deji, Oluremi Olayinka Solomon, Adebowale Femi Akinwumi, Paul Oladapo Ajayi, Olusola Olugbenga Odu. Assessment of Nutritional Status Among Primary School Pupils in South Western Nigeria. Cent Afr J Public Health. 2021;7(3):88-93. doi: 10.11648/j.cajph.20210703.11

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@article{10.11648/j.cajph.20210703.11,
  author = {Samson Ayo Deji and Oluremi Olayinka Solomon and Adebowale Femi Akinwumi and Paul Oladapo Ajayi and Olusola Olugbenga Odu},
  title = {Assessment of Nutritional Status Among Primary School Pupils in South Western Nigeria},
  journal = {Central African Journal of Public Health},
  volume = {7},
  number = {3},
  pages = {88-93},
  doi = {10.11648/j.cajph.20210703.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20210703.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cajph.20210703.11},
  abstract = {Malnutrition remains a major problem affecting millions of children in Africa. The objective of this study was to assess the nutritional status among primary school pupils in Olorunda Local government of Osogbo metropolis in South Western Nigeria. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to respondents in11schools randomly selected. A cross sectional study design was used and multi-stage sampling technique was utilized in selecting participants for the study. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. A total of 487 pupils were interviewed and their age range was 5–16years with a mean age of 8 years. More females (53.6%) than males (46.4%) were interviewed. Most fathers were skilled workers and while most mothers were in the unskilled labor force. Above half (50.2%) of the study population were found to have poor nutritional history based on the 24 hour dietary recall. Also using WHO standard measurements of z score with a standard deviation of <-2, which is an indication of moderate undernourished children, 65.7% were stunted with low height for age, and 74.5% were underweight with low weight for age. More pupils were stunted in the higher classes compared to pupils in the lower classes. The study concluded that despite the various intervention programmes of non-Governmental and Governmental organizations, significant percentage of Nigerian primary school children still have poor nutritional status.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Assessment of Nutritional Status Among Primary School Pupils in South Western Nigeria
AU - Samson Ayo Deji
AU - Oluremi Olayinka Solomon
AU - Adebowale Femi Akinwumi
AU - Paul Oladapo Ajayi
AU - Olusola Olugbenga Odu
Y1 - 2021/05/08
PY - 2021
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20210703.11
DO - 10.11648/j.cajph.20210703.11
T2 - Central African Journal of Public Health
JF - Central African Journal of Public Health
JO - Central African Journal of Public Health
SP - 88
EP - 93
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2575-5781
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20210703.11
AB - Malnutrition remains a major problem affecting millions of children in Africa. The objective of this study was to assess the nutritional status among primary school pupils in Olorunda Local government of Osogbo metropolis in South Western Nigeria. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to respondents in11schools randomly selected. A cross sectional study design was used and multi-stage sampling technique was utilized in selecting participants for the study. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. A total of 487 pupils were interviewed and their age range was 5–16years with a mean age of 8 years. More females (53.6%) than males (46.4%) were interviewed. Most fathers were skilled workers and while most mothers were in the unskilled labor force. Above half (50.2%) of the study population were found to have poor nutritional history based on the 24 hour dietary recall. Also using WHO standard measurements of z score with a standard deviation of <-2, which is an indication of moderate undernourished children, 65.7% were stunted with low height for age, and 74.5% were underweight with low weight for age. More pupils were stunted in the higher classes compared to pupils in the lower classes. The study concluded that despite the various intervention programmes of non-Governmental and Governmental organizations, significant percentage of Nigerian primary school children still have poor nutritional status.
VL - 7
IS - 3
ER -

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Author Information

Samson Ayo Deji

Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
Oluremi Olayinka Solomon

Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
Adebowale Femi Akinwumi

Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
Paul Oladapo Ajayi

Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
Olusola Olugbenga Odu

Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria

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APA Style

Samson Ayo Deji, Oluremi Olayinka Solomon, Adebowale Femi Akinwumi, Paul Oladapo Ajayi, Olusola Olugbenga Odu. (2021). Assessment of Nutritional Status Among Primary School Pupils in South Western Nigeria. Central African Journal of Public Health, 7(3), 88-93. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20210703.11

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ACS Style

Samson Ayo Deji; Oluremi Olayinka Solomon; Adebowale Femi Akinwumi; Paul Oladapo Ajayi; Olusola Olugbenga Odu. Assessment of Nutritional Status Among Primary School Pupils in South Western Nigeria. Cent. Afr. J. Public Health 2021, 7(3), 88-93. doi: 10.11648/j.cajph.20210703.11

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AMA Style

Samson Ayo Deji, Oluremi Olayinka Solomon, Adebowale Femi Akinwumi, Paul Oladapo Ajayi, Olusola Olugbenga Odu. Assessment of Nutritional Status Among Primary School Pupils in South Western Nigeria. Cent Afr J Public Health. 2021;7(3):88-93. doi: 10.11648/j.cajph.20210703.11

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@article{10.11648/j.cajph.20210703.11,
  author = {Samson Ayo Deji and Oluremi Olayinka Solomon and Adebowale Femi Akinwumi and Paul Oladapo Ajayi and Olusola Olugbenga Odu},
  title = {Assessment of Nutritional Status Among Primary School Pupils in South Western Nigeria},
  journal = {Central African Journal of Public Health},
  volume = {7},
  number = {3},
  pages = {88-93},
  doi = {10.11648/j.cajph.20210703.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20210703.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cajph.20210703.11},
  abstract = {Malnutrition remains a major problem affecting millions of children in Africa. The objective of this study was to assess the nutritional status among primary school pupils in Olorunda Local government of Osogbo metropolis in South Western Nigeria. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to respondents in11schools randomly selected. A cross sectional study design was used and multi-stage sampling technique was utilized in selecting participants for the study. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. A total of 487 pupils were interviewed and their age range was 5–16years with a mean age of 8 years. More females (53.6%) than males (46.4%) were interviewed. Most fathers were skilled workers and while most mothers were in the unskilled labor force. Above half (50.2%) of the study population were found to have poor nutritional history based on the 24 hour dietary recall. Also using WHO standard measurements of z score with a standard deviation of <-2, which is an indication of moderate undernourished children, 65.7% were stunted with low height for age, and 74.5% were underweight with low weight for age. More pupils were stunted in the higher classes compared to pupils in the lower classes. The study concluded that despite the various intervention programmes of non-Governmental and Governmental organizations, significant percentage of Nigerian primary school children still have poor nutritional status.},
 year = {2021}
}

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